Negative-pole plate.



PATENTED FEB. 26; 1907.

- v LBIJUR.

E T A L P E L. O P E V I T A G E N APPLICATION FILED APR.5. 1906.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOSEPH BIJUR, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO THE GENERAL STORAGE BATTERY COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

NEGATIVE-POLE PLATE.

- I Specification of Letters Patent.

1 Patented Feb. 26, 1907;

T (.tZZ whom it mag concern.-

Be it known that LJOSEPH BIJU'R, a citiing negative-pole plates for storage batteries and the plate produced thereby.

The invention is applicable to both Plant plates and pasted plates; and the obiects of the invention are to-prevent the loss of capacity in the plate and coherence of the porous sponge into a metallic mass, insure perma: nent passage-ways for the (llfillSlOIl of'the electrolyte, and secure strong and hardy plates which will not become permanently sulfated and have all the above characteristics.

Further objects ofthe invention will here- 7 inafter appear; and to these ends the inven ion consists of the processand resulting late for carrying out the above objects embodying the steps and features hereinafter fully described and claimed in this specification and illustrated by suitable apparatus in the accompanying-drawings, which show apparatus for carrying out a ess for the modification of the plate.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a perspective view, partly broken away,.show1ngieating a 'paratus. Fig". 2 is a perspective View s owing a plate on the heating apparatus, and Fig. 3 is a top plan view of the a paratus on an enlarged scaie to show the etails of construction.

rial on the plateis impregnatedwithinert material of a suitable character for carrying out the ob ects of the invention. This material should be of a character which will instead of having theinert material intro .torily and well.

ortion of the proop 1 frame. According to this process the active mate duced into the mass of active-material before the plate is finished.

In carrying out the process for a Plant plate the plate is first formed and reduced to a negative-pole plate in the usual manner and allowed to dry. It is then soaked for about ten minutes in a solution of sugar or other suitable substance, by means of which the pores of the "late become-filled with the solution. the pores of the plate readily, and'a solution of sugar has been found to operate satisfac- The sugar solution may be of about two per cent. to about thirty per cent. strength, although other percentages may be found suitable" for carrying out the process. I have found that the process is I fin that a solution penetrates 4 successfully carried out when the solution is at ordinary room temperature. The plate is then removed from the solution, and it may be rinsed to rinse the 'sugarsolution from the surface of the late or else the rins-. ing may be omitted. T eplate'is then dried by permitting it tostand in air.

f the plate is all lead,'it is baked in any suitable apparatus at a temperature of from about 240 centigrade to 300 centigrade until the sugar is substantially completely carbonized, which may takefive or ten minutes. If the plate has antimonious alloy partsas, for instance, an alloy frame melting at a lower temperature than the remainder of the plate -i t is treated in such manner that the alloy parts are heated less than the lead parts, so as to insure that they are not partially fused, ,in the treatment. In the drawings a frame of heatingapparatus is shown for'heating a plate having an alloy A represents the plate, and B the alloy frame.

and provided with compartments D, under each of which there is ages-burner E, connected to a supply-pipe F. Preferablythe steel framework-(3 is double in form and proyided with the air-spaces G between the Walls I The apparatus comprises a frame-, work C, preferably constructed of sheet-steel IOC grills are arranged over the burners, and "the framework B of the plate lies along the up per surfaces of the Walls of the framework C and over the air-spaces G in said framework 5 In accordance with this construction the grills are subjected to a higher degree of heat than the frame of the plate. Any other su'it 20. dry the sugar solution in the pores deposits a in the plate,

finely-divided organic materi which. material is afterward carbonized in the step of heating. In accorda'ncewith this process the finely-divided organic material is deposited very evenly and uniformly in the,

pores of the plate, and it does not interfere with the'natural coherence of the lead.

This invention enables inactive material to be introduced into the pores of Plant plates 3 after they have been formed, and the rocess may be carried out with plates whic have been in use.

My invention enables inert material to be ,introduced into the pores of the active mass of negative-pole Plant plates.- The process may also be carried out with pasted plates, for the invention enables the inactive material to be introduced into the pores of the active mass of pasted plates even after they 40"have been in use and have partially losttheir capacity from the lack of such material, thereby again raising the capacity of the plate. 'In'treating pasted plates after the plate is pasted and dried on after it has been reduced to a negative condition it is dipped in the sugar solution and allowed to remain forabout ten minutes, as before- It is then removed and-allowed to' dry in the'air and heated at, the same temperature as for a 5o- Plant plate, thereby. substantially'c-arbon izing the organic material in the pores of the plate deposited out of the solution, so that a pasted plate is obtained having inactive material incorporated in the paste. This is a 5 5 very easy way of obtaining auniform distribution of a very slight percentage of inactive material and one which will not injuriousl-y disintegrate the mass- I The invention also contemplates soaking a 6'0 Plantor pasted plate in a solution of suit- }able materialas, for instance -sodium-sili-L catein which case the inactive material is deposited in the pores of. the active mass in the plate chemically instead of by drying and carbonization.

the substance deposited.

heating the The Plant plate after having been treated in accordance with this process has a light brownish-gray color instead of the usual leadgray color of the Plant plate. The plate hasa very porous and spongy appearance, as distinguished from the ordinary Plant plate which hasv not been treated in accordance with this process. In use the capacity of the plate either remains substantially the same or rises instead of falling off. What I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is the following: 1. The process of treating plates adapted for use as negative-pole plates which consists in soaking the plate in a solution capable of penetrating the pores of the plate and there depositing an inert substance.

2. The process of treating plates adapted for use as negative-pole plates Which'consists in soaking the plate in a solution of an organic substance capable of penetrating the pores of the plate and there depositing an inert sub' stance.

3. The process of treating plates adapted for use as negative-pole plates which consists in soaking the plate in a solution of sugar capable of penetrating the pores of the'plate and there depositing an inert substance.

4. The process of treating plates adapted for use as negative-pole plates which consists in soaking the plate in a solution of an organic substance capable of enetrating the pores of theplate and there epositing an inert substance, then heating t e plate to carbonize 5. The process of-treating plates adapted for use as negative-poleplates which consists in soaking the plate in a solution of sugar capable of penetrating the pores of the plate and there depositing an inert substance, then deposited, 6. The process of treating plates adapted for use. as negative-pole plates,which consists of incorporating an inert substance in the pores of the active mass'byjtreating said plate with a fluid capable. of entering the pores and depositing inert material.

7; A negative-pole Plant plate having inert material incorporated within the active material.

8. A negative-pole Plant plate having inert material incorporated within the active material, and characterized by a brownishgray color before use and spongy appearance, an increased-porosity of the active mass and a substantially sustained capacity inuse. 9. Anegative-pole Plant plate having inert material incorporated within the active material, and characterized by a brownishgray color before use and a Substantially'sustained capacity in use. p

10. Anegative-pole Plant plate having inert material in the form of carbon incorporated within the pores of the active mass.

plate to carbonize the substance 11. A negative-pole Plant plate charaoterized by having inert material incorporated in the active material and a substantially susing witnesses.

tained capacity in use.

5 12. A negative-pole Plant' plate having porous inert material incorporated Within the active material.

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification in the presence of two subscrib- JOSEPH BIJUR. Witnesses:

OLIN A. FosTER, 

